Isihlahla seCarob (Ceratonia siliqua)

Umuthi we-carob uvame eMedithera yaseSpain . Uvame ukutholakala emasimini avulekile, kodwa futhi nasezivandeni eziningi zendabuko. Abalimi bathole ukusetshenziswa okuningi okubalulekile kwawo, futhi thina njengabathandi bezingadi singawujabulela, sithokozela umthunzi oqinile onikezwa amagatsha awo kanye nenani lawo lokuhlobisa, elikhula kuphela njengoba ukhula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sikhuluma ngesitshalo esisinda esomeni esivamile saseMedithera, esingahlala cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha , kusukela entwasahlobo, kanye nezikhukhula ezibangelwa yimvula enkulu ekupheleni kwehlobo.

Iyini i-carob?

Umuthi we-carob ungowohlobo lwesitshalo esihlala siluhlaza esitholakala eMedithera. Ungafinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-10 uma unikezwa ithuba futhi ukhula wodwa , yize engadini kuvame ukubona izinhlobo zamamitha angu-5-6. Umqhele uyindilinga, wakhiwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani.

Isiqu saso sihlala sincane uma sisesincane, kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka singafinyelela ugqinsi olungaba amasentimitha angu-60-70. Siqinile futhi, yize sivame ukusonteka njengoba sikhula. Izimpande zaso ziqinile futhi zinde, zifinyelela kumamitha angu-40 ukusuka esiqwini , okuyizimfanelo ezimbili ezibavumela ukuthi bafune futhi bafinyelele emanzini angaphansi komhlaba.

Izimbali zincane, azinawo amacembe, futhi ziluhlaza okotshani . Ziqhakaza ezinhlotsheni zezimbali emagatsheni amadala entwasahlobo. Izithelo ziyizimbotshana ze-carob, izimbotshana eziqinile, ezinsundu ezimnyama ezingakhula zibe ngamasentimitha angama-30 ubude. Ngaphakathi , ziqukethe i-gummy pulp evikela imbewu.

Nokho, le pulp iyadliwa futhi inambitheka kamnandi . "Inkinga" ukuthi iqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni engaba ngu-7 ngemva kokutshala, kodwa uma isiqalile, ingakhiqiza ama-pod angamakhilogremu angu-200, avunwa ekupheleni kwehlobo.

Igama layo lesayensi yiCeratonia siliqua , kodwa yaziwa kangcono ngamagama ayo avamile: i-carob, i-mesquite, kanye ne-mesquite. Kubalulekile ukuyihlukanisa ne-mesquite yaseMelika, engowohlobo lwe-Prosopis, okuyisihlahla esivame ukuba nameva futhi esinamaqabunga amancane kakhulu kune -Ceratonia siliqua.

Kuyini?

Empeleni, umuthi we-carob waseMedithera ubulokhu usetshenziswa futhi usasetshenziswa nanamuhla njengokudla, ukunikeza umthunzi, futhi uqweqwe lwawo luyadliwa . Ukusetshenziswa kwamuva nje kunjenge-bonsai: ngoba ukhula kancane, kungenzeka ukuthola izihlahla ze-carob bonsai ezicishe ziphelele.

Imbewu ayidleki. Banzima kakhulu. Kodwa zikhonza into eyodwa: zitshale. Ukuthola isihlahla esinjengalesi kuzothatha isikhathi, kodwa kuyisipiliyoni esizosisiza sifunde ukuthi sikhula kanjani nokuthi singasinakekela kanjani.

Okokugcina, ukhuni luqinile kakhulu futhi luyamelana, ngakho luyaziswa ngokwenza ifenisha nemisebenzi yezandla.

Izakhiwo zesihlahla se-carob

I-pulp iyalwa nohudo futhi iyasutha, ngakho-ke ingasiza ekunciphiseni isisindo . Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-carob extract evela ezinhlanyelweni isetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier kanye ne-thickener.

Izinhlobo ze-carob

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zihlukaniswa, njengalezi:

• Matafela: ngama-pods abomvu amnyama.
• MushyIsithelo: esinezithelo ezibomvu-nsundu, kanye ne-pulp emhlophe futhi eningi kakhulu.
• I-Negrete: enama-pods amnyama kanye ne-pulp ewugqinsi.
• roja: enezimbotshana ezincane kanye ne-pulp emhlophe.

Uzinakekela kanjani?

Lesi ngempela isihlahla esidinga ukunakekelwa kuphela uma sisesincane noma sifakwe ebhodweni, noma uma isimo sezulu singesihle. Endaweni yaso yokuhlala, isibonelo esiqhingini saseMallorca, izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu yilezo ezikhula ngokwemvelo emhlabathini, ngaphandle kokungenelela. Kodwa-ke, kuyiphutha ukucabanga ukuthi uhlobo oluqinile.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kufanele ibekwe kuphi, ukuthi ungayinisela kaningi kangakanani, nokuthi iyiphi inhlabathi eyidingayo, phakathi kweminye imininingwane:

Isimo sezulu

Ake siqale ngalokho engikholelwa ukuthi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu: isimo sezulu. Umuthi we-carob ungaba isitshalo okulula kakhulu ukusinakekela uma izimo zezulu zilungile , okungukuthi, uma:

• izinkathi ezine zonyaka zihlukaniswa,
• Imvula encane engu-350mm iwa ngonyaka,
• kukhona isithwathwa, kodwa kufika ku -7ºC kuphela futhi ngezikhathi ezithile
• izinga lokushisa eliphezulu alidluli ku-45ºC

Indawo

Kumelwe ihlale ingaphandle , kusukela ngesikhathi iyimbewu. Idinga nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile , ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke ikwazi ukukhula.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, masikhumbule ukuthi inezimpande ezinde, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi itshalwe okungenani amamitha ayishumi ukusuka lapho sinamapayipi.

umhlaba kanye nokuchelela

Ikhula enhlabathini ene-calcareous enokungena kahle kwamanzi (okungukuthi, inhlabathi emunca futhi ihlunge amanzi ngokushesha). Uma isebhodweni, ungasebenzisa ingxube ye-universal potting inqobo nje uma iqukethe i-perlite, njengale evela ku-[ Azikho imikhiqizo etholakele].

Ngokuphathelene nokunisela, kufanele kwenziwe ngokulinganisela. Ngesikhathi isencane, kufanele iniselwe izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto ehlobo futhi ngezinye izikhathi unyaka wonke ; kodwa uma isitshalwe emhlabathini, izodinga ukunisela ngezikhathi ezithile kusukela onyakeni wesibili kuqhubeke.

Umbhalisile

Ungayifaka umanyolo entwasahlobo nasehlobo, isibonelo ngomanyolo wemvelo owuketshezi noma ophuphuwe. I-Guano ( Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakala ithengiswa. ), umquba, ama-worm castings ( Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakala ithengiswa. ), noma ngisho nomquba kuzosiza ukuthi ihlale inempilo.

Izinambuzane

Iqinile kakhulu . Inkinga kuphela (okungeyona inkinga ngempela) engiyiqaphelile ukuthi, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, izintuthwane zingasebenzisa isiqu sazo namagatsha njengemigwaqo.

Izifo

Ingahlaselwa yisikhunta uma imanziswa kakhulu futhi/noma lapho inhlabathi ingenamanzi kahle. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ziyayithinta:

• I-Aspidiotus sulphureus
• I-Pseudocercospora ceratoniae (Cercospioris of the carob tree)
• I-Rosellinia necatrix

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukubola kwezimpande, ukuwa kwamaqabunga, isikhunta esimhlophe phansi kwesiqu, kanye nokubola kwegatsha. Ukuvimbela lokhu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ikhipha amanzi kahle , futhi uma kungenjalo, thatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukukhishwa kwamanzi. Isibonelo, ngokufaka amapayipi okukhipha amanzi noma ukudala imithambeka.

Futhi-ke, kufanele futhi ugweme ukuchelela ngokweqile.

Ukuphindaphinda

Umuthi we-carob usakazwa ngembewu ekwindla , ngemva kokuba izithelo sezivuniwe. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ebhodweni eligcwele i-peat exutshwe ne-perlite encane bese ishiywa ngaphandle. Izohluma phakathi nentwasahlobo.

Ucabangeni nge-carob?